RapamycinFungusV1, Main, Exploration, bibRecord, 000324

Immunosuppression reduction in liver and kidney transplant recipients with suspected bacterial infection: A multinational survey.

Identifieur interne : 000324 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000323; suivant : 000325

Immunosuppression reduction in liver and kidney transplant recipients with suspected bacterial infection: A multinational survey.

Auteurs : Daniel Shepshelovich [Israël] ; Noam Tau [Israël] ; Hefziba Green [Israël] ; Benaya Rozen-Zvi [Israël] ; Assaf Issaschar [Israël] ; Marco Falcone [Italie] ; Julien Coussement [Belgique] ; Oren Zusman [Israël] ; Oriol Manuel [Suisse] ; Eytan Mor [Israël] ; Julian Torre-Cisneros [Espagne] ; Dafna Yahav [Israël]

Source :

Transplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation Society [ 1399-3062 ] ; 2019.

RBID : pubmed:31242341

Descripteurs français

KwdFr :
- Enquêtes et questionnaires (MeSH), Europe (MeSH), Humains (MeSH), Immunosuppresseurs (administration et posologie), Immunosuppression thérapeutique (méthodes), Infections bactériennes (étiologie), Prise en charge de la maladie (MeSH), Receveurs de transplantation (statistiques et données numériques), Transplantation hépatique (MeSH), Transplantation rénale (MeSH), États-Unis (MeSH), Études transversales (MeSH).
MESH :
- administration et posologie : Immunosuppresseurs.
- méthodes : Immunosuppression thérapeutique.
- statistiques et données numériques : Receveurs de transplantation.
- étiologie : Infections bactériennes.
- Enquêtes et questionnaires, Europe, Humains, Prise en charge de la maladie, Transplantation hépatique, Transplantation rénale, États-Unis, Études transversales.
Wicri :
- geographic : États-Unis.

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Bacterial Infections (etiology), Cross-Sectional Studies (MeSH), Disease Management (MeSH), Europe (MeSH), Humans (MeSH), Immunosuppression (methods), Immunosuppressive Agents (administration & dosage), Kidney Transplantation (MeSH), Liver Transplantation (MeSH), Surveys and Questionnaires (MeSH), Transplant Recipients (statistics & numerical data), United States (MeSH).
MESH :
- chemical , administration & dosage : Immunosuppressive Agents.
- geographic : Europe, United States.
- etiology : Bacterial Infections.
- methods : Immunosuppression.
- statistics & numerical data : Transplant Recipients.
- Cross-Sectional Studies, Disease Management, Humans, Kidney Transplantation, Liver Transplantation, Surveys and Questionnaires.

Abstract

BACKGROUND

There is no consensus on the optimal management of immunosuppression during bacterial infections among solid organ transplant recipients.

METHODS

A multicenter, cross-sectional survey, of high-volume kidney and liver transplant centers across US and Europe. Structured questionnaires including six multiple-choice questions concerning the management of immunosuppression during infection were distributed among 381 centers.

RESULTS

A total of 124 (33%) centers fully completed the questionnaire: 67 liver, 57 kidney centers. Participating centers reported heterogenous approaches to immunosuppression management for all types of immunosuppressive drugs. Notably, kidney centers reported similar frequencies of either discontinuation (19%), continuation (19%), or dose reduction (17.5%) of antimetabolites; discontinuation only for life-threatening infection (17.5%) or case by case decisions (27%). Calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) management was heterogenous mostly among liver centers, with 8% discontinuing the CNI, 18% continuing, and 22% reducing dose. Heterogenous approaches to management of steroids and inhibitors of the mammalian target of rapamycin were also demonstrated.

CONCLUSIONS

Immunosuppression management during bacterial infection is heterogenous in US and European centers. Immunosupression reduction (ISR) during infection is a common practice, though supported by limited evidence. Demonstrating high heterogeneity in the approach to ISR, together with the equivocal results of clinical studies, support consideration of an interventional clinical trial.

DOI: 10.1111/tid.13134
PubMed: 31242341

Affiliations:

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Le document en format XML

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<author><name sortKey="Torre Cisneros, Julian" sort="Torre Cisneros, Julian" uniqKey="Torre Cisneros J" first="Julian" last="Torre-Cisneros">Julian Torre-Cisneros</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Yahav, Dafna" sort="Yahav, Dafna" uniqKey="Yahav D" first="Dafna" last="Yahav">Dafna Yahav</name>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Immunosuppression reduction in liver and kidney transplant recipients with suspected bacterial infection: A multinational survey.</title>
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<author><name sortKey="Tau, Noam" sort="Tau, Noam" uniqKey="Tau N" first="Noam" last="Tau">Noam Tau</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Green, Hefziba" sort="Green, Hefziba" uniqKey="Green H" first="Hefziba" last="Green">Hefziba Green</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Rozen Zvi, Benaya" sort="Rozen Zvi, Benaya" uniqKey="Rozen Zvi B" first="Benaya" last="Rozen-Zvi">Benaya Rozen-Zvi</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Israël</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Falcone, Marco" sort="Falcone, Marco" uniqKey="Falcone M" first="Marco" last="Falcone">Marco Falcone</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Coussement, Julien" sort="Coussement, Julien" uniqKey="Coussement J" first="Julien" last="Coussement">Julien Coussement</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Zusman, Oren" sort="Zusman, Oren" uniqKey="Zusman O" first="Oren" last="Zusman">Oren Zusman</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Israël</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Manuel, Oriol" sort="Manuel, Oriol" uniqKey="Manuel O" first="Oriol" last="Manuel">Oriol Manuel</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country>
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</placeName>
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<author><name sortKey="Mor, Eytan" sort="Mor, Eytan" uniqKey="Mor E" first="Eytan" last="Mor">Eytan Mor</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Israël</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Ramat Aviv</wicri:noRegion>
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<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Transplantation, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Israël</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Transplantation, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Petah Tikva</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Torre Cisneros, Julian" sort="Torre Cisneros, Julian" uniqKey="Torre Cisneros J" first="Julian" last="Torre-Cisneros">Julian Torre-Cisneros</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital 'Reina Sofía', Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), School of Medicine, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital 'Reina Sofía', Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), School of Medicine, University of Córdoba, Córdoba</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Córdoba</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yahav, Dafna" sort="Yahav, Dafna" uniqKey="Yahav D" first="Dafna" last="Yahav">Dafna Yahav</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Israël</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Ramat Aviv</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Infectious Diseases Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Israël</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Infectious Diseases Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Petah Tikva</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Transplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation Society</title>
<idno type="eISSN">1399-3062</idno>
<imprint><date when="2019" type="published">2019</date>
</imprint>
</series>
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</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Bacterial Infections (etiology)</term>
<term>Cross-Sectional Studies (MeSH)</term>
<term>Disease Management (MeSH)</term>
<term>Europe (MeSH)</term>
<term>Humans (MeSH)</term>
<term>Immunosuppression (methods)</term>
<term>Immunosuppressive Agents (administration & dosage)</term>
<term>Kidney Transplantation (MeSH)</term>
<term>Liver Transplantation (MeSH)</term>
<term>Surveys and Questionnaires (MeSH)</term>
<term>Transplant Recipients (statistics & numerical data)</term>
<term>United States (MeSH)</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Enquêtes et questionnaires (MeSH)</term>
<term>Europe (MeSH)</term>
<term>Humains (MeSH)</term>
<term>Immunosuppresseurs (administration et posologie)</term>
<term>Immunosuppression thérapeutique (méthodes)</term>
<term>Infections bactériennes (étiologie)</term>
<term>Prise en charge de la maladie (MeSH)</term>
<term>Receveurs de transplantation (statistiques et données numériques)</term>
<term>Transplantation hépatique (MeSH)</term>
<term>Transplantation rénale (MeSH)</term>
<term>États-Unis (MeSH)</term>
<term>Études transversales (MeSH)</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="administration & dosage" xml:lang="en"><term>Immunosuppressive Agents</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" xml:lang="en"><term>Europe</term>
<term>United States</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="administration et posologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Immunosuppresseurs</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="etiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Bacterial Infections</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="methods" xml:lang="en"><term>Immunosuppression</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="méthodes" xml:lang="fr"><term>Immunosuppression thérapeutique</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="statistics & numerical data" xml:lang="en"><term>Transplant Recipients</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="statistiques et données numériques" xml:lang="fr"><term>Receveurs de transplantation</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="étiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections bactériennes</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Cross-Sectional Studies</term>
<term>Disease Management</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Kidney Transplantation</term>
<term>Liver Transplantation</term>
<term>Surveys and Questionnaires</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Enquêtes et questionnaires</term>
<term>Europe</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Prise en charge de la maladie</term>
<term>Transplantation hépatique</term>
<term>Transplantation rénale</term>
<term>États-Unis</term>
<term>Études transversales</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>États-Unis</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
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</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>BACKGROUND</b>
</p>
<p>There is no consensus on the optimal management of immunosuppression during bacterial infections among solid organ transplant recipients.</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>METHODS</b>
</p>
<p>A multicenter, cross-sectional survey, of high-volume kidney and liver transplant centers across US and Europe. Structured questionnaires including six multiple-choice questions concerning the management of immunosuppression during infection were distributed among 381 centers.</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>RESULTS</b>
</p>
<p>A total of 124 (33%) centers fully completed the questionnaire: 67 liver, 57 kidney centers. Participating centers reported heterogenous approaches to immunosuppression management for all types of immunosuppressive drugs. Notably, kidney centers reported similar frequencies of either discontinuation (19%), continuation (19%), or dose reduction (17.5%) of antimetabolites; discontinuation only for life-threatening infection (17.5%) or case by case decisions (27%). Calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) management was heterogenous mostly among liver centers, with 8% discontinuing the CNI, 18% continuing, and 22% reducing dose. Heterogenous approaches to management of steroids and inhibitors of the mammalian target of rapamycin were also demonstrated.</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>
</p>
<p>Immunosuppression management during bacterial infection is heterogenous in US and European centers. Immunosupression reduction (ISR) during infection is a common practice, though supported by limited evidence. Demonstrating high heterogeneity in the approach to ISR, together with the equivocal results of clinical studies, support consideration of an interventional clinical trial.</p>
</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">31242341</PMID>
<DateCompleted><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>02</Month>
<Day>26</Day>
</DateCompleted>
<DateRevised><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>02</Month>
<Day>26</Day>
</DateRevised>
<Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1399-3062</ISSN>
<JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>21</Volume>
<Issue>5</Issue>
<PubDate><Year>2019</Year>
<Month>Oct</Month>
</PubDate>
</JournalIssue>
<Title>Transplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation Society</Title>
<ISOAbbreviation>Transpl Infect Dis</ISOAbbreviation>
</Journal>
<ArticleTitle>Immunosuppression reduction in liver and kidney transplant recipients with suspected bacterial infection: A multinational survey.</ArticleTitle>
<Pagination><MedlinePgn>e13134</MedlinePgn>
</Pagination>
<ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1111/tid.13134</ELocationID>
<Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">There is no consensus on the optimal management of immunosuppression during bacterial infections among solid organ transplant recipients.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">A multicenter, cross-sectional survey, of high-volume kidney and liver transplant centers across US and Europe. Structured questionnaires including six multiple-choice questions concerning the management of immunosuppression during infection were distributed among 381 centers.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">A total of 124 (33%) centers fully completed the questionnaire: 67 liver, 57 kidney centers. Participating centers reported heterogenous approaches to immunosuppression management for all types of immunosuppressive drugs. Notably, kidney centers reported similar frequencies of either discontinuation (19%), continuation (19%), or dose reduction (17.5%) of antimetabolites; discontinuation only for life-threatening infection (17.5%) or case by case decisions (27%). Calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) management was heterogenous mostly among liver centers, with 8% discontinuing the CNI, 18% continuing, and 22% reducing dose. Heterogenous approaches to management of steroids and inhibitors of the mammalian target of rapamycin were also demonstrated.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">Immunosuppression management during bacterial infection is heterogenous in US and European centers. Immunosupression reduction (ISR) during infection is a common practice, though supported by limited evidence. Demonstrating high heterogeneity in the approach to ISR, together with the equivocal results of clinical studies, support consideration of an interventional clinical trial.</AbstractText>
<CopyrightInformation>© 2019 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.</CopyrightInformation>
</Abstract>
<AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Shepshelovich</LastName>
<ForeName>Daniel</ForeName>
<Initials>D</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Medicine A, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tau</LastName>
<ForeName>Noam</ForeName>
<Initials>N</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Green</LastName>
<ForeName>Hefziba</ForeName>
<Initials>H</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Medicine B, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rozen-Zvi</LastName>
<ForeName>Benaya</ForeName>
<Initials>B</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Issaschar</LastName>
<ForeName>Assaf</ForeName>
<Initials>A</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Rabin Medical Center, The Liver Institute, Petah-Tikva, Israel.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Falcone</LastName>
<ForeName>Marco</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Coussement</LastName>
<ForeName>Julien</ForeName>
<Initials>J</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4302-6599</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Microbiology and Division of Infectious Diseases, CUB-Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zusman</LastName>
<ForeName>Oren</ForeName>
<Initials>O</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Cardiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Manuel</LastName>
<ForeName>Oriol</ForeName>
<Initials>O</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7607-0943</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Transplantation Center and Infectious Diseases Service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mor</LastName>
<ForeName>Eytan</ForeName>
<Initials>E</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Transplantation, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Torre-Cisneros</LastName>
<ForeName>Julian</ForeName>
<Initials>J</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital 'Reina Sofía', Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), School of Medicine, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yahav</LastName>
<ForeName>Dafna</ForeName>
<Initials>D</Initials>
<Identifier Source="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3181-9791</Identifier>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Infectious Diseases Unit, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
</AuthorList>
<Language>eng</Language>
<PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType>
<PublicationType UI="D016448">Multicenter Study</PublicationType>
</PublicationTypeList>
<ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2019</Year>
<Month>07</Month>
<Day>12</Day>
</ArticleDate>
</Article>
<MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Denmark</Country>
<MedlineTA>Transpl Infect Dis</MedlineTA>
<NlmUniqueID>100883688</NlmUniqueID>
<ISSNLinking>1398-2273</ISSNLinking>
</MedlineJournalInfo>
<ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D007166">Immunosuppressive Agents</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
</ChemicalList>
<CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset>
<MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001424" MajorTopicYN="N">Bacterial Infections</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000209" MajorTopicYN="Y">etiology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003430" MajorTopicYN="N">Cross-Sectional Studies</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D019468" MajorTopicYN="Y">Disease Management</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005060" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Europe</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007165" MajorTopicYN="N">Immunosuppression</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000379" MajorTopicYN="Y">methods</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007166" MajorTopicYN="N">Immunosuppressive Agents</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000008" MajorTopicYN="N">administration & dosage</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016030" MajorTopicYN="Y">Kidney Transplantation</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016031" MajorTopicYN="Y">Liver Transplantation</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011795" MajorTopicYN="N">Surveys and Questionnaires</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D066027" MajorTopicYN="N">Transplant Recipients</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000706" MajorTopicYN="Y">statistics & numerical data</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014481" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">United States</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
</MeshHeadingList>
<KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">immunosuppression reduction</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">infection</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">kidney transplant</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">liver transplant</Keyword>
</KeywordList>
</MedlineCitation>
<PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2019</Year>
<Month>02</Month>
<Day>10</Day>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2019</Year>
<Month>04</Month>
<Day>30</Day>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2019</Year>
<Month>06</Month>
<Day>02</Day>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2019</Year>
<Month>6</Month>
<Day>27</Day>
<Hour>6</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>2</Month>
<Day>27</Day>
<Hour>6</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2019</Year>
<Month>6</Month>
<Day>27</Day>
<Hour>6</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
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<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">31242341</ArticleId>
<ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1111/tid.13134</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
<ReferenceList><Title>REFERENCES</Title>
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</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Donnelly JP, Locke JE, MacLennan PA, et al. Inpatient mortality among solid organ transplant recipients hospitalized for sepsis and severe sepsis. Clin Infect Dis. 2016;63(2):186-194.</Citation>
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<Reference><Citation>Kalil AC, Syed A, Rupp ME, et al. Is bacteremic sepsis associated with higher mortality in transplant recipients than in nontransplant patients? A matched case-control propensity-adjusted study. Clin Infect Dis. 2015;60(2):216-222.</Citation>
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<Reference><Citation>Massarollo PC, Mies S, Abdala E, Leitao RM, Raia S. Immunosuppression withdrawal for treatment of severe infections in liver transplantation. Transpl Proc. 1998;30(4):1472-1474.</Citation>
</Reference>
</ReferenceList>
</PubmedData>
</pubmed>
<affiliations><list><country><li>Belgique</li>
<li>Espagne</li>
<li>Israël</li>
<li>Italie</li>
<li>Suisse</li>
</country>
<region><li>Canton de Vaud</li>
<li>Région de Bruxelles-Capitale</li>
<li>Toscane</li>
</region>
<settlement><li>Bruxelles</li>
<li>Lausanne</li>
<li>Pise</li>
</settlement>
<orgName><li>Université de Pise</li>
<li>Université libre de Bruxelles</li>
</orgName>
</list>
<tree><country name="Israël"><noRegion><name sortKey="Shepshelovich, Daniel" sort="Shepshelovich, Daniel" uniqKey="Shepshelovich D" first="Daniel" last="Shepshelovich">Daniel Shepshelovich</name>
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<name sortKey="Green, Hefziba" sort="Green, Hefziba" uniqKey="Green H" first="Hefziba" last="Green">Hefziba Green</name>
<name sortKey="Issaschar, Assaf" sort="Issaschar, Assaf" uniqKey="Issaschar A" first="Assaf" last="Issaschar">Assaf Issaschar</name>
<name sortKey="Issaschar, Assaf" sort="Issaschar, Assaf" uniqKey="Issaschar A" first="Assaf" last="Issaschar">Assaf Issaschar</name>
<name sortKey="Mor, Eytan" sort="Mor, Eytan" uniqKey="Mor E" first="Eytan" last="Mor">Eytan Mor</name>
<name sortKey="Mor, Eytan" sort="Mor, Eytan" uniqKey="Mor E" first="Eytan" last="Mor">Eytan Mor</name>
<name sortKey="Rozen Zvi, Benaya" sort="Rozen Zvi, Benaya" uniqKey="Rozen Zvi B" first="Benaya" last="Rozen-Zvi">Benaya Rozen-Zvi</name>
<name sortKey="Rozen Zvi, Benaya" sort="Rozen Zvi, Benaya" uniqKey="Rozen Zvi B" first="Benaya" last="Rozen-Zvi">Benaya Rozen-Zvi</name>
<name sortKey="Shepshelovich, Daniel" sort="Shepshelovich, Daniel" uniqKey="Shepshelovich D" first="Daniel" last="Shepshelovich">Daniel Shepshelovich</name>
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<name sortKey="Tau, Noam" sort="Tau, Noam" uniqKey="Tau N" first="Noam" last="Tau">Noam Tau</name>
<name sortKey="Yahav, Dafna" sort="Yahav, Dafna" uniqKey="Yahav D" first="Dafna" last="Yahav">Dafna Yahav</name>
<name sortKey="Yahav, Dafna" sort="Yahav, Dafna" uniqKey="Yahav D" first="Dafna" last="Yahav">Dafna Yahav</name>
<name sortKey="Zusman, Oren" sort="Zusman, Oren" uniqKey="Zusman O" first="Oren" last="Zusman">Oren Zusman</name>
<name sortKey="Zusman, Oren" sort="Zusman, Oren" uniqKey="Zusman O" first="Oren" last="Zusman">Oren Zusman</name>
</country>
<country name="Italie"><region name="Toscane"><name sortKey="Falcone, Marco" sort="Falcone, Marco" uniqKey="Falcone M" first="Marco" last="Falcone">Marco Falcone</name>
</region>
</country>
<country name="Belgique"><region name="Région de Bruxelles-Capitale"><name sortKey="Coussement, Julien" sort="Coussement, Julien" uniqKey="Coussement J" first="Julien" last="Coussement">Julien Coussement</name>
</region>
</country>
<country name="Suisse"><region name="Canton de Vaud"><name sortKey="Manuel, Oriol" sort="Manuel, Oriol" uniqKey="Manuel O" first="Oriol" last="Manuel">Oriol Manuel</name>
</region>
</country>
<country name="Espagne"><noRegion><name sortKey="Torre Cisneros, Julian" sort="Torre Cisneros, Julian" uniqKey="Torre Cisneros J" first="Julian" last="Torre-Cisneros">Julian Torre-Cisneros</name>
</noRegion>
</country>
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</affiliations>
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Serveur d'exploration sur la rapamycine et les champignons

Immunosuppression reduction in liver and kidney transplant recipients with suspected bacterial infection: A multinational survey.

Immunosuppression reduction in liver and kidney transplant recipients with suspected bacterial infection: A multinational survey.

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